Mountain/hill tribes of mixed ethno/cultural-linguistic heritage are found in northern Laos, which include the Lua and Khmu people who are indigenous to Laos. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. Vientiane has been the capital since 16th century. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. Laos is a Lao speaking country that does not border with any sea. They were the indigenous inhabitants of northern Laos. Origins of the Lao Kingdom. [34], Chao Anouvong was installed as a vassal king of Vientiane by the Siamese. Bangkok - Hanoi - Laos by Air 9 nights from $1,615*. [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. [43] Otherwise, according to Martin Stuart-Fox, the Lao might well have lost control over their own country. Lao Basics: An Introduction to the Lao Language. Bounchao Pichit, "Laos Cinema," in David Hanan, ed., General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, "Results of Population and Housing Census 2015", "Lao People's Democratic Republic's Constitution of 1991 with Amendments through 2003", https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf, "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2022", "Lao People's Democratic Republic and the WTO", "China train project runs roughshod over Laos", "Laos approves Xayaburi 'mega' dam on Mekong", "Laos Securities Exchange to start trading", "10 Things You Need to Know Before Visiting Laos", "Anatomically modern human in Southeast Asia (Laos) by 46 ka", "Archaeological Investigations in northern Laos: New contributions to Southeast Asian prehistory", "History and Practice of Archaeology in Laos", Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). [46], During the First Indochina War, the Indochinese Communist Party formed the Pathet Lao independence organisation. It is evident throughout the country, expressed in language, temples and the arts and literature. [44] On 9 March 1945, a nationalist group declared Laos once more independent, with Luang Prabang as its capital, but on 7 April 1945 two battalions of Japanese troops occupied the city. According to linguistic and other historical evidence, Tai-speaking tribes migrated southwestward to the modern territories of Laos and Thailand from Guangxi sometime between the 8th and 10th centuries. [102][103], However, the government of Laos frequently breaches its own constitution and the rule of law, since the judiciary and judges are appointed by the ruling communist party. The airport in Paske was completed in 2009 with one terminal for both international and domestic flights. 3,920 square kilometres and is located on the banks of the Mekong, close to the Thai border.Vientiane was the administrative capital . Great day in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Compared to the hectic, bustling capitals in other South . [citation needed]. Vientiane (/ v i n t i n / vee-EN-tee-AHN, French: ; Lao: , Viangchan, pronounced [ tn]) is the capital and largest city of Laos.Vientiane is divided administratively into 9 cities with a total area of only approx. It was founded in 1563 and was prompted by fears of attacks from Burma. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. Thailand (invested US$4.489billion) and Vietnam (invested US$3.108billion) are the second and third largest investors respectively. While some Hmong people returned to Laos voluntarily, with development assistance from UNHCR, allegations of forced repatriation surfaced. Savada, Andrea Matles (editor) (1994) "Events in 1945". Laos Capital City, Vientiane. The Tai-Kadai Languages, ":: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. A coup d'tat in 1960 in the Lao capital, Vientiane, deepened the country's political instability. Residents of Laos' capital Vientiane on October 16 witnessed the arrival of the first passenger high-speed train running on the new Laos-China railway line which will, after some test runs, come into full operation in December . According to the World Bank data conducted in 2014, Laos has met the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets on water and sanitation regarding the UNICEF/WHO Joint Monitoring Programme. 3. Services and facilities for tourists are adequate in the capital, Vientiane, and in the UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang, but are extremely limited in . ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) Policy Brief Series, No 7. Situated on a curve of the Mekong River, Laos's Capital has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report By Sebastian Strangio A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China . Laos's first expressway, the VientianeBoten Expressway, parallels both Route 13 and the BotenVientiane railway; the first section from Vientiane to Vang Vieng was opened in 2020, with other sections under construction. Between 1763 and 1769, Burmese armies overran northern Laos and annexed Luang Prabang, while Champasak eventually came under Siamese suzerainty. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. "[132], The country's most widely recognised product may well be Beerlao, which in 2017 was exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. Laos is simply one of those places that will capture your heart for years to come. [96][97] In The Economist's Democracy Index 2016 Laos was classified as an "authoritarian regime", ranking lowest of the nine ASEAN nations included in the study. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a population of 6,492,228 in 2015. 6, "Seventy Years of Anarchy", in. In their opposition of the repatriation plans, Democratic and Republican Members of Congress challenged the Clinton administration's position that the government of Laos was not systematically violating Hmong human rights. Patuxay Vientiane Laos, Sunrise in morning at at Patuxai. The sinh is a traditional garment worn by Lao women in daily life. [69] Trade relations with the United States were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved legislation. There are some public holidays, festivities and ceremonies in Laos. Residents of the capital Vientiane are barred from leaving the city and outsiders must get permission to enter. THE government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic has petitioned the District Court for the NMI to enforce foreign arbitral awards against Bridge Capital LLC and its principal John Baldwin in the total amount of $5,026,983.98. CIA agent Bill Lair met with the young Hmong military . [94] Plans to resettle additional Hmong refugees in the United States were stalled by provisions of President George W. Bush's Patriot Act and Real ID Act, under which Hmong veterans of the Secret War, who fought on the side of the United States, are classified as terrorists because of their historical involvement in armed conflict. [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. Trc , FPT Capital ng k bn 1 triu c phiu TPB tng ng 0,063% vn iu l ngn hng. [119] The economy receives development aid from the International Monetary Fund, Asian Development Bank, and other international sources; and also foreign direct investment for development of the society, industry, hydropower and mining (most notably of copper and gold). However, only slightly more than half of the population speaks Lao natively. Fa Ngum was born into the royal family in Muang Sua, the capital of a small state ruled by King Souvanna Khampong. Additionally, many elite and French-educated Lao immigrated to nations such as the United States and France to escape government persecution. Calculating U.S. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, Vientiane is a city steeped in legend and history. 783.322 c phiu cn li tip tc c FPT Capital . [100], Ostensibly, the Constitution of Laos that was promulgated in 1991 and amended in 2003 contains most key safeguards for human rights. [46], The official and majority language is Lao, a language of the Tai-Kadai language family. By 1940, around 600 French citizens lived in Laos. With the end of isolationism in the early 1990s however, the French language rebounded, thanks to the establishment of French, Swiss and Canadian relations and opening of French-language centers in central Laos. [77] Pressure to resettle the refugees grew as the Thai government worked to close its remaining refugee camps. The Thai government attempted to repatriate these refugees, but the Wat Tham Krabok Hmong refused to leave and the Lao government refused to accept them, claiming they were involved in the illegal drug trade and were of non-Lao origin. The streets are lined with trees, French colonial buildings, street markets, Buddhist temples, and noodle shops. [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. The politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2% of the population, mostly in the lowlands. Vientiane is the largest city in Laos and functions as: Houses the Presidential Palace. [citation needed], The Lao government controls all media channels to prevent critique of its actions. Settathirath disappeared in the mountains on his way back from a military expedition into Cambodia, and Lan Xang fell into more than seventy years of instability, involving both Burmese invasion and civil war. The capital of Laos is Vientiane, which was founded 13th century. [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. The stated policy objectives of both the Lao government and international donors remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction. From 1975 to 1996, the United States resettled some 250,000 Lao refugees from Thailand, including 130,000 Hmong. There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. For example, Article 8 makes it clear that Laos is a multinational state and is committed to equality between ethnic groups. [41] Under French rule, the Vietnamese were encouraged to migrate to Laos, which was seen by the French colonists as a rational solution to a labour shortage within the confines of an Indochina-wide colonial space. When Fa Ngum was a baby, his grandfather, the reigning king, expelled Fa Ngum's father . [138] Two new lines connecting with Vietnam, namely the VientianeVng ng and SavannakhetLao Bao railways, are also under planning, in line to meet the Laotian government's vision of becoming a land-linked nation. The proto-historic period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations. and Yurnaidi, Z., 2020. Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. Vientiane suffered greatly during the conflict between the kingdom's army and Siamese forces in 1827. [124] Laos may have the greatest number of rice varieties in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Additionally, the Khao San Pathet Lao, the country's official news agency, publishes English and French versions of its eponymous paper. A new province, Xaisomboun province , was established on 13 December 2013. [101] On 25 September 2009, Laos ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, nine years after signing the treaty. The constitution also contains provisions for gender equality, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of press and assembly. [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. [citation needed], On 2 December 1975, after taking control of the country, the Pathet Lao government under Kaysone Phomvihane renamed the country as the Lao People's Democratic Republic and signed agreements giving Vietnam the right to station armed forces and to appoint advisers to assist in overseeing the country. [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. Vientiane has a total area of 3,920 square km and an average elevation of 174 m. The city experiences a tropical savanna climate. [28], Laos traces its history to the kingdom of Lan Xang ('million elephants'), which was founded in the 13th century by a Lao prince, Fa Ngum,[29]:223 whose father had his family exiled from the Khmer Empire. Buddha park in Vientiane, Laos. [167] One production company's film that has succeeded to produce Lao feature films and gain international recognition is Lao New Wave Cinema's At the Horizon, directed by Anysay Keola, that was screened at the OzAsia Film Festival[168] and Lao Art Media's Chanthaly (Lao: ) directed by Mattie Do, which was screened at the 2013 Fantastic Fest. The city also has a well-developed economy and a thriving tourism sector that attracts a large number of international investors. [141] Laos's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. 15. Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. 4 min. In 1996 as the deadline for the closure of Thai refugee camps approached, and under mounting political pressure, the United States agreed to resettle Hmong refugees who passed a new screening process. An "urban" village is essentially a town.[58]. Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. Xinhua That Luang Festival celebrated in Vientiane, Laos Candlelight parade surrounding the That Luang Stupa in Lao capital Vientiane on the night of Nov. 11, 2019. . Laos became independent in 1953, with a constitutional monarchy under Sisavang Vong. Biggest Cities In Laos Vientiane . [150] Languages like Khmu (Austroasiatic) and Hmong (Hmong-Mien) are spoken by minorities, particularly in the midland and highland areas. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report. Travel over the land is hard. Laos Laos is the only . Vientiane Capital, the capital city of Lao PDR, is a small, relaxed city, located in the central of Laos. [63] There is a distinct rainy season from May to October, followed by a dry season from November to April. [45] When Japan surrendered, some Lao nationalists (including Prince Phetsarath) declared Laotian independence, but by early-1946, French troops had reoccupied the country and conferred limited autonomy on Laos. Set at the point where the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers meet, Luang Prabang stands in front of a backdrop of a magnificent hilltop temple. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. [65] [49] Due to the particularly heavy impact of cluster bombs during this war, Laos was a strong advocate of the Convention on Cluster Munitions to ban the weapons and was host to the First Meeting of States Parties to the convention in November 2010.

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